Rivers and their water, historically, have remained a red line for almost every civilization. Access to water has always been essential for ancient settlements. In today’s modern times, things remain largely unchanged. In almost every part of the world, there is an issue linked to either oceans, seas, or rivers. The subcontinent, after its independence

Throughout history, dominant powers have played a significant role in shaping international relations. Superpowers have often influenced the affairs of other states through political pressure, economic sanctions, and diplomatic negotiations. Today, the world has the United States. One of the most recent examples of hegemonic influence in the affairs of another state is US-Iran conflict.

The U.S.-Iran conflict has shifted the nature of Iran-Gulf relations from ideological rigidity to pragmatism, compelling both sides to pursue caution in engagement. The ideological antagonism, sectarian differences and geopolitical rivalry between Iran and the Arab Gulf monarchies have been the hallmark of their relations for decades. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) has always seen

The Lebanon issue is one of the biggest faultlines in the U.S.-Iran Peace Process. The peace talks began in April 2026 in Islamabad; however, the Israeli strikes on Lebanon halted the initial peace process. With a ‘fragile ceasefire’ between Iran and the U.S., and now the Lebanese government and Israel, Lebanon is the proving ground

The Center for Law and Security (CLAS) held a seminar on “Lawfare and Pakistan” to analyse the role of law-fare in the modern world, evaluate Pakistan’s capacity to conduct and counter lawfare operations, and how to develop a set of operational objectives that Pakistan’s lawfare doctrine should look to attain.The chief guests of the event

The disruption within market regulations in Pakistan stems more from structural deficiencies in the context of enforcement of the law and a decentralized governance system. The matter has risen to prominence within the context of the national discourse as the government tries to institute economic reforms like early business closure policies for the conservation of