Human security is a national and international security approach that prioritises humans and their complex social and economic relationships. The notion of human security differs from traditional security studies, which focus on state security. Individuals are the subjects of the human security approach, and the final aim is to protect people against conventional (i.e., military) and nontraditional dangers such as poverty and sickness. Moving the security agenda beyond state security means complementing and expanding, not replacing it. The concept that human security deprivation may undermine peace and stability within and between governments is central to this strategy. In contrast, an overemphasis on state security can harm human security. 

Article 370 and 35A: Historical Background and Significance on Kashmir

At the heart of Kashmir's intricate history and narrative lay Articles 370 and 35A, provisions within the Indian Constitution that granted Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) a unique, semi-autonomous status. However, these articles were abrogated in August, 2019, causing intense debate, reigniting age-old questions about identity, belonging, and the path forward for this sensitive region. In

Ram Mandir: Significance for the Muslims of India

The grand opening of Ram Mandir at the site of demolished Babri Masjid symbolizes Hindu cultural domination in a so-called secular India. The construction of Ram temple is the fallout of Indian Supreme court’s decision taken back in 2019 due to a longstanding Masjid-Mandir dispute. It has a background of bloody riots that erupted between

what happened at cop-28?

In the continuing international efforts to tackle climate change, the 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28) represented a significant turning point. The conference, which took place in Dubai, brought together activists, legislators, scientists, and international leaders to discuss the urgent issues facing our planet. The main goal of COP28 was to carry on the promises

Violation of UN resolutions and international law: Response of International Community in Post-370 Kashmir Scenario

The abrogation of article-370 is an assault on Jammu and Kashmir’s political autonomy. By repealing Article 370 of the constitution, people from rest of India will now have the right to acquire property in Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir and to settle there permanently. Kashmiris as well as critics of India’s Hindu nationalist-led government see the

Consequences of the Indian Supreme Court’s decision on the special status of Jammu and Kashmir

ndian Supreme Court granted constitutional validation to PM Modi’s decision of stripping Jammu and Kashmir off of its special autonomous status and declared it as an integral part of Indian territory. This judgement holds paramount significance for both arch rivals, India and Pakistan and brings about a shift in the geographical, political, legal, socio-economic and

COP 28 Commitments and Ground Realities

Almost all countries in the world agreed to phase out fossil fuels at the recent COP 28, but ground realities raise considerable contradictions. Such an agreement has been reached for the first time in nearly three decades of negotiations on climate change at the international level. Analysts and experts criticized the COP 28 deliberations that