Backgrounder

THE ISRAEL – IRAN ENEMITY AND THE PRESENT ESCALATION?0
- Backgrounder
- April 25, 2024
Iran and Israel have a longstanding enmity rooted in ideological, political, and strategic differences. Here are some key reasons why the two nations are considered enemies: Ideological Conflict: Since its 1979 revolution, Iran has positioned itself as a staunch opponent of Israel, viewing the Jewish state as illegitimate and a threat to Muslim unity. Iran’sREAD MORE
what happened at cop-28?0
- Backgrounder, Human Security
- January 29, 2024
In the continuing international efforts to tackle climate change, the 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28) represented a significant turning point. The conference, which took place in Dubai, brought together activists, legislators, scientists, and international leaders to discuss the urgent issues facing our planet. The main goal of COP28 was to carry on the promisesREAD MORE
Pakistan’s Foreign Debt and its Current Status 0
- Backgrounder, Economic Security
- July 11, 2023
As of March 2023, Pakistan’s total foreign debt was estimated at USD 125.7, according to the US State Department figures. Despite borrowing sums of money, some countries still manage to be financially stable owing to the fact that they themselves are net creditors as well. On the other hand, if a country is unable toREAD MORE

Five Biggest Challenges to Pakistan’s Economy 0
- Backgrounder, Economic Security
- July 11, 2023
The current state of Pakistan’s economy is appalling. Several factors are said to be responsible for such precarious economic conditions both at the micro and macro levels, that include depleting reserves, inflation, low tax to GDP ratio, rampant corruption and ad hoc foreign policies. There is no doubt that all the aforementioned factors are somewhatREAD MORE
Disinformation campaigns against Pakistan 0
- Backgrounder, Cyber Security
- May 16, 2023
The spread of electronic media and the digital revolution have turned the world into a global village. Information, news, and events can now travel anywhere in the world with no restrictions. Even before the governments can respond and exert control, these events tend to reach every living room due to social media. The social, economic,READ MORE
Damages that recent floods in Pakistan have done 0
- Backgrounder, Climate Security
- February 24, 2023
Since the turn of the century the world has experienced many changes not only in practical terms but also in theoretical sphere. Due to this paradigm shift non-traditional security threats have gain prominence. One of them is the recent floods in Pakistan that caused horrible infrastructure damage and loss of human lives. These types ofREAD MORE