Economy and the National Security Policy

In Blog, Economic Security, National Security
February 14, 2022
Mahnoor Islam
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Pakistan’s newly launched National Security policy puts economic security at the forefront of its national security vision. The new policy not only looks to puts a ‘dedicated focus’ on export-oriented foreign investments and remittances, but it also prioritized ‘equitable economic development’ in order to overcome socio-economic inequality. The policy also goes on to remove disparities

Pakistan’s newly launched National Security policy puts economic security at the forefront of its national security vision. The new policy not only looks to puts a ‘dedicated focus’ on export-oriented foreign investments and remittances, but it also prioritized ‘equitable economic development’ in order to overcome socio-economic inequality. The policy also goes on to remove disparities in economic development in different parts of the country. It is also interesting to note that the NSP has highlighted that the current jobs may be obsolete soon and therefore stresses the need for high-tech jobs and investments in public-private partnerships and start-ups.

A strong economy is vital for a strong national security policy. If the economy is strong, there are more resources available to protect its national security interests. The economy’s impact on a nation can be seen by examining the policies implemented by China and the subsequent reforms that followed. Within a few years of reforming its economy, China emerged as an economic superpower. By giving economic security importance in the NSP, this is a step forward for Pakistan in order to reform its own economy and paving way for new and better opportunities for its citizens.

Pakistan’s socio-economic indicators are low. While social and economic policies have been designed by previous governments, they were never implemented properly. In order to improve its economy, Pakistan must increase exports, reduce unemployment and support equal income distribution. While Pakistan has mega projects such as the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in the pipeline, it needs a more people-centric approach.

A people-centric approach would include the protection of human rights and needs. This policy discusses not only the disparity between the rich and the poor but also talks about internal regional conflicts and social cohesion. Through the Ehsaas and Panah Gah programs, Pakistan aims to meet the needs of its citizens, therefore, promoting equity and harmony which will prove to be beneficial in the future not only in terms of economy but also in terms of political stability.

The focus has also shifted from geopolitics to geo-economics. Geography is one of Pakistan’s greatest benefits eg for China, Pakistan can provide a short route of 2500 km through its Gwadar port as compared to China’s own port which is 4500 km away from Xinjiang. Furthermore, Pakistan also enjoys trade ties with Tajikistan by exporting raw sugar and milk, etc. In this regard, the NSP has rightly pointed out the need to channelize development initiatives and trade ties with neighboring countries.

Furthermore, what is more interesting is the mention of creating a comprehensive maritime policy of Pakistan. Pakistan’s blue economy sector is generally untapped and not given due attention. According to reports, this sector is worth more than $100 billion however at present, Pakistan is only making $450 dollars which shows that Pakistan is not fully utilizing its full potential. Pakistan’s coastal areas are rich in marine life. Pakistan’s fish export is currently between $250-300 million per annum. By providing proper equipment, training, and hygiene protocols, the fishery industry has the potential to grow to $ 2 billion annually. The open sea provides an opportunity for free, unhindered trade and access to many countries. A maritime policy is much needed, thus it is good to see it be mentioned in this important document.

The IT sector is one of the fastest-growing sectors in Pakistan and contributes 1% of the GDP at 3.5 billion USD. The national security policy discusses the need to move on from knowledge consumption to knowledge creation. It successfully identifies the need for the development of skills such as data analysis, quantum computing, and the application of artificial intelligence. Pakistan’s economy can benefit greatly by supporting the tech industry as well as innovation as it will lead to more jobs and better livelihood for the citizens.

Building a self-sustaining economy is not going to be easy for Pakistan. Making economic security a priority in this policy is a step in the right direction however Pakistan has always suffered due to laws and policies not being carried out properly. The policy provides a comprehensive road map towards protecting Pakistan’s national security through economic security, foreign policy, and human security, however, Pakistan must make sure that the policy doesn’t remain a piece of literature and is actually utilized.