India’s foreign policy has taken bold and dynamic steps under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. It’s certain that India wants to improve its standing internationally as Modi begins his third term by combining economic measures, strategic partnerships, and a more assertive approach to global affairs. India’s ambition to become more influential globally while maintaining its security and prosperity is the driving force behind Modi’s strategy for the country’s foreign policy.

The focus Modi’s foreign policy has placed on forming and enhancing strategic partnerships is one of its main features. India and the US have considerably strengthened their relationship, which is indicative of shared desire for an open and free Indo-Pacific area. Trade, technology, and military collaboration have all risen as a result of this partnership. Moreover, this relationship’s fundamentals now include joint military exercises, defence agreements, and cooperation in fields like cybersecurity.

On the other hand, long-standing allies Russia and India have maintained their connection, despite obstacles brought on by changing global dynamics and India’s stronger ties to the US. However, Modi has made sure that the alliance between Russia and India is strong, especially in sectors like energy cooperation and defence procurement.

The emphasis Modi has placed on neighbouring nations is another important component of his foreign policy. The “Neighbourhood First” policy seeks to strengthen ties with South Asian nations, such as Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka. India aims to promote regional stability and solidarity through economic agreements, infrastructural initiatives, and cultural interactions.

The relationship with Pakistan remains one of India’s most difficult and sensitive foreign policy issues. Under Modi’s leadership, India has adopted a tough position against cross-border terrorism, which is a major concern influencing bilateral relations. Moreover, Diplomatic relations with Pakistan have been fragile, with discussion frequently stopped owing to terrorist activity and border conflicts. Despite these hurdles, Modi’s government has expressed a willingness to participate in talks if Pakistan makes real efforts to dismantle terrorist infrastructure.

Economic diplomacy has been an important pillar of Modi’s foreign policy. The “Make in India” and “Atmanirbhar Bharat” (self-reliant India) initiatives are designed to attract foreign investment and boost domestic manufacturing. By promoting India as a global manufacturing hub, Modi aims to create job opportunities, increase economic growth, and reduce dependence on imports.

India’s active participation in international trade forums and its efforts to secure favorable trade deals reflect its economic diplomacy. India, for example, has been pursuing free trade deals with the United Kingdom and the European Union. These agreements should improve India’s economic prospects by opening up new markets for its goods and services.

Additionally, Modi’s government has been proactive in securing energy resources. It is essential to secure reliable and diverse energy supplies given India’s increasing energy needs. The Indian government has made efforts to get long-term energy contracts and investments in the energy industry by interacting with energy-rich nations in the Middle East, Central Asia, and Africa.

Modi’s foreign policy is marked by a more assertive stance on international issues. This is evident in India’s handling of border disputes and its position on global forums. India’s determination to maintain its territorial integrity was demonstrated during the standoff with China in Ladakh. In order to prevent any hostile measures by nearby nations, the Modi administration has made steps to fortify border infrastructure and improve military capabilities.

Additionally, India has made a strong statement on global concerns such as climate change, terrorism, and international institution reform. In order to combat this threat, Modi has advocated for more rigorous international measures as well as a united worldwide fight against terrorism. India has also demonstrated leadership in the field of climate change. Global recognition has been accorded to Modi’s dedication to sustainable development and renewable energy, and India has made significant progress towards achieving its climate targets.

India’s push for reforming international institutions like the United Nations is also noteworthy. Modi has argued that global institutions must reflect the realities of the 21st century and has called for a greater voice for developing countries. India’s bid for a permanent seat in the UN Security Council is part of this broader strategy to ensure that global governance structures are more inclusive and representative.

Moreover, soft power and cultural diplomacy have been integral to Modi’s foreign policy approach. India, with its rich cultural heritage, has a unique advantage in this matter. Modi has leveraged India’s soft power to build goodwill and strengthen ties with countries. Initiatives like the International Day of Yoga, have helped enhance India’s image as a country with a deep cultural legacy.

Additionally, India’s diaspora, one of the largest in the world, is another asset in Modi’s foreign policy. The government has actively engaged with the Indian diaspora, recognizing their role in promoting India’s interests abroad. Programs like the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas celebrate the contributions of the diaspora and encourage their participation in India’s development.

Modi’s foreign policy has encountered difficulties even as it has seen numerous achievements. Careful diplomatic steps are needed to maintain a balance in relations with major countries such as the US, Russia, and China. The South Asian region presents persistent challenges due to factors like political instability in neighbouring nations and cross-border terrorism.

Furthermore, the global economic landscape is constantly evolving, and India must navigate trade disputes and the impact of technological changes. Ensuring energy security, addressing climate change, and meeting the aspirations of growing population will require sustained efforts.

In conclusion, Modi’s third term is likely to see India pursuing a more proactive and independent foreign policy. By building strategic partnerships, promoting economic diplomacy, asserting its stance on international issues, and leveraging its soft power, India aims to carve out an important role on the global stage.