National security refers to the government’s capacity to use different avenues to safeguard and defend a sovereign state, including its inhabitants, economy, and institutions, as a duty of government. Originally envisaged as a defence against military assault, national security is now commonly recognised to encompass non-military components such as terrorism prevention, crime reduction, border security, economic security, energy security, environmental security, food security, and cyber-security. Similarly, in addition to the acts of other nation states, national security concerns include the actions of violent non-state actors, drug cartels, and multinational businesses, as well as the consequences of natural disasters. 

Although nations’ approaches vary, with some beginning to prioritise non-military action to address structural sources of insecurity, different types of coercive force, notably Military Capabilities, predominate. The extent of these skills has grown. Military capabilities have always been mostly land- or sea-based, and in smaller nations, they remain so. Other possible warfare domains today include the law, air, space, the internet, and psychological operations. Military capabilities built for these areas can be utilised for defensive and offensive goals, such as conquering and annexing land and resources. 

Pakistan’s financial Relationship with the U.S: Development or Dependence?

Pakistan's financial relationship with the United States has historically been characterized by both development and dependence, though the balance between the two has shifted more towards ‘dependence’ over time due to changing geopolitical circumstances and national priorities. The US became an important strategic ally in exchange for heavy financial assistance, due to which Pakistan often compromised

U.S. Strategic Influence VS. China’s Economic Engagement: Pakistan’s Choices?

Pakistan surely knows how to strike a fine balance between the U.S. and China, two great powers and major competitors, instead of placing all of its eggs in the same basket. It is in Pakistan’s best national interest to hold on to this intricate balance as the former backs its defense and security needs while

Role of constitutional court as per 26th amendment

The recent adoption of Pakistan's 26th Constitutional Amendment signifies a turning point in the country's judiciary. Among its many innovations, the amendment's establishing of Constitutional Benches in the Supreme and High Courts has led to heated discussion regarding Pakistan's judiciary's future role and autonomy. While new benches are meant to streamline judicial proceedings and increase

Navigating U.S. Pressure to Curtail Relations with Iran

As Pakistan navigates one of the most complex challenges of its foreign policy, Pakistan must prioritize its sovereignty and national interests while maintaining a balance in relations with Iran and U.S. Iran, located in the west of Pakistan, is the first country to accept Pakistan and both countries share historical and regional ties with each

Dynamics of Pakistan-U.S. Relationship

Pakistan and the United States have shared a complex and often turbulent relationship, rooted in a blend of strategic interests, military alliances, and conflicting political priorities. While the two countries have collaborated on various regional and global issues, such as the war on terror and the containment of Soviet influence during the Cold War, their

The importance of Security in Pakistan-US relationship

The relation between Pakistan and the United States has been a complex mixture of cooperation and tension since Pakistan's independence in 1947. Shaped by historical events, geopolitical interests and security concerns. In recent years, the importance of security concerns has been increasing between the nations as both nations navigate challenges such as terrorism, regional instability,